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imported>Unknown at 05:28, 7 February 2021

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= Passive =
== Unit39. Passive(1) (is done / was done) ==
A. ex) This house(subject) was built in 1930. (passive)
'Was built' is passive(<-> active)
ex) Somebody(subject) built this house in 1930. (active)
active 문장의 목적어가 passive 문장의 주어로 간답니다. 그냥 지나치기 아쉬우니까 예제 하나더.
ex) Two hundred people are employed by the company.

B. When we use the passive, who or what causes the action is often unknown or unimportant.(그리니까 행위주체가 누군지 모를때나 별로 안중요할때 수동태 쓴대요)
ex) A lot of money was stolen in the robbery.
If we want to say who does or what causes the action, we use by(수동태에서 누가 했는지 알고 싶으면 by 쓰래요)
ex) This house was built by my grandfather.

C. 용법은 be + past particle (be동사 + 과거분사)
ex) Simple Present 에서의 active와 passive
active) Somebody cleans this room every day.
passive) This room is cleaned every day.
ex) Simple Past 에서의 active와 passive
active) Somebody cleaned this room yesterday.
passive) This room was cleaned yesterday.

== Unit40. Passive(2) (be / been / being done) ==
A. After will / can / must / going to / want to, etc...
ex) 비교
active) Somebody will clean the room later.
passive) The room will be cleaned later.
역시 아쉬우니까 예제 하나 더
ex) The music was very loud and could be heard from a long way away.

B. After should have / might have / would have / seem to have, etc..
ex) 비교
active) Somebody should have cleaned the room.
passive) The room should have been cleaned.
역시..
ex) I haven't received the letter yet. It might have been sent to the wrong address.

C. Present perfect
ex) 비교
active) The room looks nice. Somebody has cleaned it.
passive) The room looks nice. It has been cleaned.
Past perfect
ex) 비교
active) The room looked nice. Somebody had cleaned it.
passive) The room looked nice. It had been cleaned.

D. Present continuous
ex) 비교
active) Somebody is cleaning the room right now.
passive) The room is being cleaned right now.
Past continuous
ex) 비교
active) Somebody was cleaning the room when I arrived.
passive) The room was being cleaned when I arrived.
== Unit41. Passive(3) ==
A. We say 'I was born'(not I am born)
ex) How many babies are born every day?

B. Some verbs can have two objects(ex : give, ask, offer, pay, show, teach, tell)
ex) We gave the police the information. (We gave the information to the police.)

So it is possible to make two passive sentences.
ex1) The police were given the information.
ex2) The information was given to the police.

When we use these verbs in the passive, most often we begin with the person.
ex) You will be given plenty of time to decide.(= We will give you plenty of time)

C. The passive of doing/seeing -> being done/being seen
ex-active) I don't like people telling me what to do.
ex-passive) I don't like being told what to do.
... 이번단락은 뭘 말하려는 건지 감이 안온다.

D. Get : Sometimes you can use get instead of be in the passive:
ex) There was a fight at the party, bue nobody got hurt.(= nobody was hurt)

You can use get to say that something happens to somebody or something, especially if this is unplanned or unexpected.
ex) Our dog got run over by a car.(헉 이런 잔인한 예제가..--;)

You can use get only when things happen or change.
get 쓰면 안되는 예제들
ex1) He was a mysterious man. Nothing was known about hum.(not got known)

We use get mainly in informal spoken English. You can use be in all situations.(항상 be 쓸수있단다. 고로 귀찮은 get쓰지말자... 클래스에서 get 보는것도 지겨운데..--;)

== Unit42. It is said that... He is said to... (be) supposed to ... ==
A. ex) Henry is very old. Nobody knows exactly how old he is, but :
It is said that he is 108 years old.
or He is said to be 108 years old.
both mean : People say that he is 108 years old.

We can use these structures with a number of other verbs
ex) thought, believed, considered, reported, known, expected, alleged, understood

ex) It is said that she works 16 hours a day.
or She is said to work 16 hours a day.

B. (Be) supposed to
sometimes 'it is supposed to' = it is said to
ex) Mark is supposed to have kicked a police officer.( = he is said to have kicked)

But sometimes upposed to has a different meaning. Something is supposed to happen
= it is planned, arranged, or expected. Often this is different from what really happens
ex) The train was supposed to arrive at 11:30, but it was an hour late.( = the train was expected to arrive at 11:30 according to the schedule)

You are not supposed to do something = it is now allowed or advisable for you to do it.
ex) Mr. Bruno is much better after his operation, but he's still not supposed to do any heavy work.(= his doctors have advised him not to)

== Unit43. Have something done ==
A. The roof of Lisa's house was damaged in a storm, so she arranged for somebody to repair it. Yesterday a worker came and did the job.

Lisa 'had the roof repaired' yesterday.
This means : Lisa arranged for somebody else to repair the roof. She didn't repair it herself.

Be careful with word order. ( have + object + past particle )

B. get something done = have something done.
ex) I think you shoild get your hair cut.

C. Sometimes have something done has a different meaning.
ex) Lisa and Eric had all their money stolen while they were on vacation.
means : All their money was stolen from them.

With this meaning, we use have something done to say that something happens to somebody or their belongings. Usually what happens is not nice.
ex) James had his nose broken in a fight.

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["[[Lovely]]boy^_^/EnglishGrammer"]

［Lovely］boy＾ ＾/EnglishGrammer/Passive - Revision history

Maintenance script: Repair batch-0004 pages from live compare

imported>Unknown at 05:28, 7 February 2021

［Lovely］boy＾＾/EnglishGrammer/Passive - Revision history